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Rather extensive list of strengths and weaknesses. The Mameluk is an exceptional light cavalry unit, and the Xebec an exceptional naval unit. With its cheap farming upgrades and infamous 0pt archer flood, Algeria is better at low peacetime games with low resource settings. Expensive stables and no 18thc upgrade limit Algeria to a short game.

Strengths

• 17thc Pikemen (Ottoman) have 5% more hitpoints, have +1 attack, attack 13% faster, first 3 attack upgrades cost 53% less, total attack upgrades cost 25% less.
• Light cavalry (Mameluk) have 27% more hitpoints.
• 17thc Dragoons (Bedouin) train 31% faster, have +4 attack, total defense upgrade costs are 12% less.
• Mod: 17thc Musketeer (Bashi-Bozouk) have 20% more hitpoints, have +1 attack, initially attack 28% faster (cannot be upgraded), maxrange 900 (13% farther) can achieve +25 musket attack through training.
• 17thc Drummers cost 20% less, gain +50 additional defense points through training.
• 17thc Officers cost 29% less, total defense upgrade costs are 37% less.
• Priest (Mullah) costs 9% less.
• 17thc Frigates (Xebecs) have 30% more hitpoints, no salary cost, fire 33% faster,
• Howitzer building-speed upgrades are researched 2x faster. maxrange 700 (8% farther).
• Mill farming upgrade #1 costs 15% less.
• Academy farming upgrade #2 costs 93% less.
• Academy farming upgrade #3 costs 92% less.
• Academy infinite fields' capacity upgrade requires 50% less wood.
• Academy xebec upgrade costs 15% less.
• Academy building strength upgrade costs 84% less.
• Academy artillery range upgrade #1 requires -18150 iron (HUGE iron savings).
• Academy artillery range upgrade #2 requires -9050 iron AND -47235 coal (HUGE iron and coal savings).
• Academy artillery accuracy upgrade #1 costs 57% less.
• Academy ships' speed upgrade costs 98% less (HUGE wood, gold and iron savings).
• Academy ships' construction time upgrade costs 6% less (no wood or gold cost).
• Academy builds 75% faster.
• Barracks have no gold cost, additional barracks cost only 5x more.
• Blacksmith has 18% more hitpoints.
• Mosque builds 40% faster, has 19% more hitpoints.
• Diplomatic Centre has 22% more hitpoints.
• Houses have 8% more hitpoints.
• Stone wall maintenance costs 66% less.
• Towers cost 3% less, build 22% faster, have 13% more hitpoints.
• Markets have 13% more hitpoints, additional markets cost 5x less.
• Shipyards cost 36% less.
• Storehouses cost 43% less.
• Stables cost mostly stone, have no gold cost.
• Stables build 80% faster, have 175% more hitpoints.
• Town Halls cost 18% less, have 36% more hitpoints.

Weaknesses

• Cannot advance to 18th century; no balloon; no +75 farming upgrade.
• No heavy cavalry unit, no native Hussars unit, no native dragoon unit.
• Priest (Mullah) has 25% fewer hitpoints, heals 20% slower.
• 17thc Pikemen (Ottoman) cost 27% more, wear no armor.
• Light cavalry (Mameluk) defense upgrades require 110% more food.
• 17thc Dragoons (Bedouin) have 20% fewer hitpoints, total attack upgrade costs are 486% more, cannot be healed using medicine tech in academy.
• Mod: 17thc Musketeer (Bashi-Bozouk) costs +14 gold (but no iron), last 3 attack upgrades are quite expensive, first 3 defense upgrades cost 106% more, max defense upgrade is +6 (33% less), have no access to academy upgrades.
• 17thc Drummers have 44% fewer hitpoints.
• 17thc Officers attack 27% slower and upkeep costs are 400% more (similar to the 18thc European Officer), total attack upgrades cost 1800 (12x more).
• 17thc Frigates (Xebecs) cost 15% more, minrange 550 (38% farther).
• Howitzer building-speed upgrades are less efficient (500% slower).
• Mine capacity +40 upgrade requires +340000 food and +65000 gold.
• Artillery construction time upgrades require gold instead of coal.
• Academy costs 8% more.
• Artillery Depots cost 13% more .
• Blacksmith builds 17% slower.
• Diplomatic Centre costs 4% more.
• Stone walls cost 18% more, build 22% slower.
• Additional towers cost 0.05x more.
• Shipyards have 15% fewer hitpoints.
• Additional stables cost 6x more.